An agreement between government officials and a six-man team of truckers was finally reached on February 7, 1974 that allowed owner-operators to add a temporary 6 percent fuel surcharge to their freight fees and guaranteed that truck stops would receive additional fuel to meet trucker demand. SV and GV Police firing tear gas (6 shots) and trucks driving down road. SANTIAGO, Aug. 12The new militarybacked Government of President Salvador Allende Gossens today moved toward a showdown with the truck owners. (AFP via Getty Images) . Allende gathered with his loyal presidential guard at La Moneda,. Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions. They are urging the government to approve a bill package to provide security to truck drivers and operators. In 1996, Chile, Obstinate Memory was released and followed Guzmn back to . can only make a marginal input. News of River Rats protest spread, and within hours, trucker demonstrations peppered the nations highways, with thousands slowing or stopping their vehicles, snarling travel for miles. He personally lost an average of 30,000 escudos ($125) a week during the strikeor about half of the normal monthly wage of a Chilean worker. The period of his rule in Chile between 1970 and 1973 witnessed an attempt to construct a "Chilean path toward socialism" with great creativity and popular enthusiasm. The sources depicted the general involvement of the intelligence agency with the labor unions and trade groups as part of a broad effort to infiltrate all areas of Chile's govern. With fuel prices still surging, independent truckers continued their work stoppages, including a two-day strike on December 13 and 14. Edwards himself became the first president of the Owner-Operators Independent Drivers Association, or OOIDAbut didnt stay long. Mr. Chible adamantly denies that the truckers are behind the wave of violence that has coincided with the strike. Jack. All Rights Reserved. For long-haul drivers, time lost meant money lost, and oil geopolitics had made Edwardss $12,000-a-year job even more precarious. The striking truckers maintain the industry is totally paralyzed. United States relations with the Chilean military during 1970-1973 must be viewed against the backdrop not only of the tradition of close cooperation between the American and the Chilean military services and the continuing intelligence collection efforts, but also in the context of Track II -an attempt to foment a military coup. The powerful Christian Democratic party threw its support to the truckers. began to pull back on its clandestine commitments in Chile late in the spring of 1973, when there were almost weekly reports of an impending coup. Truckers in Ohio similarly failed to block a highway near Lima. There were no ball bearings anywhere and blackmarket tires cost four times the regular price. The military dictatorship in Chile was a dictatorial regime headed by General Augusto Pinochet Ugarte, which began on September 11, 1973 and ended on March 11, 1990 . They are protesting against the growing crime rates and increase in toll rates on their routes, They blocked arterial routes early in the morning before dispersing with the promise of a larger blockade if the Chilean . On Sept. 11, 1973, Salvador Allende's socialist government was toppled by a U.S.-backed military coup led by Augusto Pinochet, barely three years after being Allende was elected. Our target was the middleclass groups who were working against Allende., The whole point of this is that covert action provides a 1 per cent impetus for something that the people want anyway, he said. The persistent mischaracterizations of Washington's role in the 1973 coup in Chile have muddied the waters, making it harder to have a productive debate about covert action. The only way out of the impasse that he could see would be the participation of the military in the Cabinet. Industries said to be in danger of closing because of the strike are leather and shoes, soft drinks, sugar, transport equipment and consruction. I dont believe the Queen of England would have received better treatment. Afterward, with the help of a high-powered Coast Guard CB transmitter, River Rat broadcast a cool it message for several hours, calling to end the strikes. 's cash could have had a local impact of more than $40million. A party spokesman, Eduardo Cerda, expressed solidarity with the strikers, many of whom are Christian Democrats. Mr. Fagen, who teaches political science at Stanford University, testified that the request had been coupled with an offer to help him exchange personal money through the black market channels used by the embassy.. Chilean truckers said on Wednesday they would lift a seven-day strike that has damaged supply chains and raised fears for food and commodities exports, following a deal with government. They had to be financed from outside.. Anyone can read what you share. The report emphasized the serious social consequences of the strike. He concedes that his personal standard of living has not dropped since President Allende came to power in 1970, because he works harder and can count on the salary of his wife, a teacher, during the strikes. Some 300 wo men marched on Government House this morning and de manded an audience with Pres ident Allende. See the article in its original context from. Instantly, he found sympathy. Worse still, the federal government was considering a national maximum speed limit of 55 m.p.h. The book provides a journalistic record of major political developments in Chile from 1970 until 1973. Preface; Sources; Abbreviations and Terms; Persons; Note on U . For the first time, government began to recognize small, independent truckers as a force. Chilean statesman Salvador Allende (1908-1973) speaks at the closing of the Chilean Communist Party's fifth anniversary. On September 9,1973,1 was eating lunch at Da Carla, an Italian restaurant in Santiago, Chile, when a colleague joined my table and whispered in my ear: "Call home immediately; it's urgent." At the time, I was serving as a clandestine cia officer. [91] While fatalities in the battle during the coup might have been relatively small, the Chilean security forces sustained 162 dead in the three following months as a result of continued resistance, [92] and tens of thousands of people were arrested during the coup and held in the National Stadium. He often works 18 hours a day on the difficult 1,500mile haul from Coihaique to Santiago. Chile, 1969-1973. Truck drivers and some public transport operators in Chile staged a strike on Friday . I was driving during that one. If these industries have to close, 356,000 workers will be thrown off the job, the report said. Because these brief protests failed to significantly disrupt the countrys supply chain, government officials sat on their promises. "There is practically no Chilean cargo that can leave or with the loads that should be leaving," said Carlos Mondaca, a spokesman for San Antonio port, one of the country's two largest. Meanwhile, the effects of the 11day walkout by the nation's 45,000 truck owners began to mount as food stocks were left rotting in ports and warehouses. Their strike lasted about three months and affected terminals throughout the Midwest because Chicago was a hub for many LTL carriers. There was another truckers strike about 1983. J.W. One quipped that he didnt think Congress would act until those people run out of toilet paper.. It takes a lot of money andthis is most importantyou don't do it unless you're told to [by higher authority in Washington]., Some financial support for newpaper and radio stations was needed in Chile, the official explained, because it wouldn't have been good to have strikes if nobody knows about it.. [This figure was later found exaggerated, a count of deaths from all sources since the beginning of 1973 -- Davis, p. 368]. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them. In testimony Monday before la House subcommittee investisating the activities in Chile, Richard R. Fagen, a professor who did reseach in Chile in 1972 and 1973, said he had been approached by an American Embassy official in Santiago and urged to aid in covert gathering of information on leftwing groups. The plotting officers within the Armed Forces are hoping that the truck owners' strike scheduled for 26 July will be postponed until the council has an opportunity to complete its counter-insurgency plan which could be used as the basis for a coup d'tat. . Project Cybersyn was based on viable system model theory approach to organizat Unions no longer wield the clout they did in 1973 because Pinochet dismantled the powerful Central Workers Confederation, Chile's answer to the AFL-CIO. The next day-September 11, 1973-Chile's three armed forces launched a concerted attack against Chile's democratic government. Many recalled the 16 workers from the Copiap region who were slaughtered in the predawn hours of 17 October 1973 by soldiers of the "Caravan of Death." That infamous death squad, operating under orders from Pinochet, flew from city to city on military helicopters to carry out assassinations of leftists and worker militants. You've got to understand that he [Allende] was taxing them [the middleclass] to death., The official noted that the policy toward Chile, authorized by the 40 Committee, had been the subject of intense debate in the Nixon Administration. The sources said that by the end of the Allende period, the agency had agents and informers in every major party making up Mr. Allende's Popular Unity coalition. Twice a week we compile our most fascinating features and deliver them straight to you. READ MORE: Bigfoot v. USA-1: The Birth of Monster Truck Madness. Department channels to Washington, the sources said. The authorities, according to the confederation, have not kept their pledge to make available 2,700 new trucks, new tires, and $4million in spare parts, as well as to review trucking rates and introduce a law to guarantee that trucking remains in the private sector. What he blames President Allende for most is the country's uncontrolled inflation, expected to reach a rate of 300 per cent this year, the highest in the world. President Salvador Allende Gossens declares that, on the contrary, many of the truckers demands have been satisfied despite the country's great shortage of foreign currency and that their main objective is to overthrow the Socialist government. SV Guards outside Presidential palace 1.04 9. He pointed out that it was the Government's move to establish a pilot state trucking company in Aysen that had set off the October strike. On January 31, 1974, commerce ground to a halt as the independents garaged their rigs and blockaded roads. One trucker stated, If a man is going to be broke, he might as well go broke sitting still. Others, with handles like Flying Dutchman and Captain Zag, soon joined in. Edwards stopped his rig suddenly in the middle. In the taxicab driver strike, our goal is to make sure that he [the driver on strike is not going to fold. In an interview in Mexico City last year, Mr. Allende's widow, Hortensia Bussi de Allende, charged that the United States had a great responsibility in what happened., She asserted that the truck strike, which involved abotrt 50,000 Workers, had been financed by American money. This warning was interpreted to mean that the truckers would be arrested and their vehicles confiscated. Anyone can read what you share. socialist president in world history. Meanwhile, the Government continued behindthescenes efforts to reach an agreement with the National Confederation of Truck Owners and bus and taxi associations, who demand guarantees that the transport industry will not be taken over by the state. financial aid in August, 1973, one month before the coup, was rejected by the 40 Committee, the intelligence review board headed by Secretary of State Kissinger. SANTIAGO, Chile, Aug. 17The 23day truckers' strike has had "catastrophic" repercussions on Chile's already ailing economy, the Government said today. The country had limited railroads and little air transport, and most goods were carried by trucks . Chile was my first overseas assignment, and for an eager young spymaster, it was a plum job. In a three-hour meeting in Washington, D.C., Treasury Secretary Claude S. Brinegar also promised relief, impressing Edwards: Hes as honest as he can possibly be and fair. Mr. Chible showed deep distrust of President Allende's Popular Unity Government. (a) In their 8 Oct 1973 issue, "Newsweek" reported 2,796 bodies in the Santiago morgue. Protests continued into 1974, culminating in a major strike coordinated among the newly formed trucker associations. Business and professional associations have threatened to join the truckers, as they did last year, but have not yet done so. The truckers have demanded Mr. Faivevich's dismissal as a condition to any settlement The Government has rejected this demand as blackmail," but there have been private talks to try to circumvent the Faivovich case without either side's losing face. involvement in Chile and said that it had been authorized because there was an effort being made by the Allende Government to destroy opposition news media, both the writing press as well as the electronic press, and to destroy opposition political parties.. The str ike money was used to supply subsistence for people who believed in what you do.. An upsurge of attacks have included theft of their vehicles and cargoes, burning of the freighter trucks as well as increased activism from members of Chile's Mapuche indigenous group, who are protesting widespread development in areas where they claim historical rights. There was concern in the C.I.A. It also encountered serious opposition from vested interests in society, the army, and the Production in general is expected to decline by about 10 per cent this yearif the strike is settled soon. They said that the majority of more than $8million authorized for clandestine C.I.A. Most, but not all, obeyed. At one point in the spring, the sources said, the agency did formally break its direct relations with the Chilean military, which was known to be plotting against President Allende. As CBs and slang like 10-4, good buddy gained wider popularity, the lore of the dissident trucker took hold in pop culture, from the Smokey and the Bandit film franchise to 1975s chart-topping novelty song Convoy, which depicted a fleet of antihero drivers battling the bears. Ironically, it had taken a slowdown for independent truckers to progress down the road toward recognition. Direct subsidies, the sources said, also were provided for a strike of middleclass shopkeepers and a taxi strike among others, that disrupted the capital city of Santiago in the summer of 1973, shortly before Mr. Allende was over thrown by a military coup. Near Blakeslee, his tank reached empty. activities in Chile was used in 1972 and 1973 to provide strike benefits and other means of support for. Feeding the bears meant paying for a ticketsomething more truckers were doing due to new speed restrictions. 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